{
  "venues": [
    {
      "id": "hyperliquid",
      "name": "Hyperliquid",
      "symbol": "H",
      "color": "mint",
      "type": "Order book",
      "network": "Hyperliquid",
      "website": "https://app.hyperliquid.xyz/",
      "description": "A perpetuals venue on a dedicated Layer 1. Review the market-specific book, fee tier, and position limits before sizing an order.",
      "scope": "Hyperliquid Perps as tracked by DefiLlama. Builder markets can overlap with separate listings; totals are not summed.",
      "oiSlugs": [
        "hyperliquid-perps"
      ],
      "pageSlugs": [
        "hyperliquid",
        "hyperliquid-perps"
      ],
      "fees": {
        "maker": 1.5,
        "taker": 4.5,
        "tier": "Base tier · native perps",
        "source": "https://hyperliquid.gitbook.io/hyperliquid-docs/trading/fees",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
        "note": "No staking or referral discount. HIP-3 deployer fees and growth-mode markets can differ."
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "aster",
      "name": "Aster",
      "symbol": "A",
      "color": "sand",
      "type": "Order book",
      "network": "Aster",
      "website": "https://www.asterdex.com/",
      "description": "A perpetuals trading venue with tiered pricing. Compare the contract and collateral you intend to trade, not only venue-wide activity.",
      "scope": "Aster perpetuals; spot is excluded from the API open-interest observation.",
      "oiSlugs": [
        "aster-perps"
      ],
      "pageSlugs": [
        "aster",
        "aster-perps"
      ],
      "fees": {
        "maker": 0,
        "taker": 4,
        "tier": "Base perpetuals tier",
        "source": "https://docs.asterdex.com/trading/perpetuals/fees-and-specs/fees",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
        "note": "Token-payment, referral and VIP discounts are not included."
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "lighter",
      "name": "Lighter",
      "symbol": "L",
      "color": "lavender",
      "type": "Order book",
      "network": "Ethereum ecosystem",
      "website": "https://app.lighter.xyz/",
      "description": "An order-book venue with different account modes. Standard, Premium and Plus accounts trade off fees, latency and rate limits.",
      "scope": "Lighter main perpetuals only for API observations. Robinhood perpetuals are excluded. A public-page parent observation may have broader coverage; its scope is labelled.",
      "oiSlugs": [
        "lighter-perps"
      ],
      "pageSlugs": [
        "lighter",
        "lighter-perps"
      ],
      "fees": {
        "maker": 0,
        "taker": 0,
        "tier": "Standard account",
        "source": "https://docs.lighter.xyz/trading/trading-fees",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
        "note": "Ordinary Standard-account orders. Premium and Plus accounts and specialized order types may charge fees; confirm the order ticket.",
        "profiles": [
          {
            "label": "Premium · no staking",
            "maker": 0.4,
            "taker": 2.8
          },
          {
            "label": "Plus",
            "maker": 0.5,
            "taker": 0.5
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edgex",
      "name": "edgeX",
      "symbol": "e",
      "color": "blue",
      "type": "Order book",
      "network": "EDGE",
      "website": "https://pro.edgex.exchange/",
      "description": "A perpetuals venue with a tiered fee schedule. Current numerical fees require checking the live VIP page; they are not inferred from the old snapshot.",
      "scope": "edgeX V2 open interest. Legacy edgeX Perps is not added to the current venue.",
      "oiSlugs": [
        "edgex-v2"
      ],
      "pageSlugs": [
        "edgex",
        "edgex-v2"
      ],
      "fees": {
        "maker": null,
        "taker": null,
        "tier": "Check current VIP schedule",
        "source": "https://pro.edgex.exchange/vip",
        "checkedAt": null,
        "note": "Official documentation describes tiers but the numerical schedule could not be verified for this release."
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "tradexyz",
      "name": "tradeXYZ",
      "symbol": "X",
      "color": "orange",
      "type": "Builder markets",
      "network": "Hyperliquid",
      "website": "https://www.trade.xyz/",
      "description": "Builder-deployed markets on Hyperliquid. Costs and market hours can differ by instrument; use the current market-specific fee shown in the trading interface.",
      "scope": "tradeXYZ builder markets. Shares Hyperliquid infrastructure; this listing must not be added to Hyperliquid as an independent sector total.",
      "oiSlugs": [
        "tradexyz"
      ],
      "pageSlugs": [
        "tradexyz",
        "trade-xyz"
      ],
      "fees": {
        "maker": null,
        "taker": null,
        "tier": "Market-specific",
        "source": "https://hyperliquid.gitbook.io/hyperliquid-docs/trading/fees",
        "checkedAt": null,
        "note": "HIP-3 deployer shares and growth mode affect costs. No single universal base fee is assumed."
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "variational",
      "name": "Variational Omni",
      "symbol": "V",
      "color": "rose",
      "type": "RFQ",
      "network": "Arbitrum ecosystem",
      "website": "https://omni.variational.io/",
      "description": "Omni provides quoted execution against its liquidity provider. Compare the executable quote with the market; a zero trading fee does not remove the spread.",
      "scope": "Variational protocol activity; fee example applies to Omni.",
      "oiSlugs": [
        "variational"
      ],
      "pageSlugs": [
        "variational"
      ],
      "fees": {
        "maker": 0,
        "taker": 0,
        "tier": "Omni",
        "source": "https://help.variational.io/en/articles/14675843-fees-on-omni",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
        "note": "No opening or closing trading fees. Spreads, funding, liquidation and deposit/withdrawal charges are separate."
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "apex",
      "name": "ApeX Omni",
      "symbol": "Λ",
      "color": "blue",
      "type": "Order book",
      "network": "Multi-chain access",
      "website": "https://omni.apex.exchange/",
      "description": "A perpetuals platform with multi-chain access. Review the official fee schedule and your effective account tier before trading.",
      "scope": "Apex Omni API observation; public parent rows can also include ApeX Pro and are labelled separately.",
      "oiSlugs": [
        "apex-omni"
      ],
      "pageSlugs": [
        "apex-omni",
        "apex-protocol"
      ],
      "fees": {
        "maker": 2,
        "taker": 5,
        "tier": "Published reference rate",
        "source": "https://www.apex.exchange/brand/future",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
        "note": "Official product page advertises these rates. Effective tier, discounts and contract-specific conditions may differ."
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "grvt",
      "name": "GRVT",
      "symbol": "G",
      "color": "lime",
      "type": "Order book",
      "network": "GRVT",
      "website": "https://grvt.io/",
      "description": "A derivatives venue with volume-based pricing and maker rebates. Account eligibility and applicable trading conditions should be checked directly.",
      "scope": "GRVT perpetuals only for API observations.",
      "oiSlugs": [
        "grvt-perps"
      ],
      "pageSlugs": [
        "grvt",
        "grvt-perps"
      ],
      "fees": {
        "maker": -0.01,
        "taker": 4.5,
        "tier": "Level 1 · perpetuals",
        "source": "https://help.grvt.io/en/articles/9614699-how-does-grvt-s-fee-model-work",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
        "note": "Negative maker fees are rebates. Promotional market-specific rates and higher volume tiers are excluded."
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "standx",
      "name": "StandX",
      "symbol": "S",
      "color": "sand",
      "type": "Order book",
      "network": "StandX",
      "website": "https://standx.com/",
      "description": "A perpetuals venue built around DUSD margin. Assess collateral mechanics alongside trading costs and execution.",
      "scope": "StandX perpetuals API observation.",
      "oiSlugs": [
        "standx-perps"
      ],
      "pageSlugs": [
        "standx",
        "standx-perps"
      ],
      "fees": {
        "maker": 1,
        "taker": 4,
        "tier": "Published trading rate",
        "source": "https://docs.standx.com/docs/standx-perps-solutions/trading-fee",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
        "note": "Fees are applied to matched notional. Funding and any other charges are separate."
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "pacifica",
      "name": "Pacifica",
      "symbol": "P",
      "color": "mint",
      "type": "Order book",
      "network": "Solana ecosystem",
      "website": "https://app.pacifica.fi/",
      "description": "An order-book venue with fees based on trailing 30-day volume. Subaccounts share the master account tier.",
      "scope": "Pacifica perpetuals API observation.",
      "oiSlugs": [
        "pacifica-perps"
      ],
      "pageSlugs": [
        "pacifica",
        "pacifica-perps"
      ],
      "fees": {
        "maker": 1.5,
        "taker": 4,
        "tier": "Tier 1",
        "source": "https://docs.pacifica.fi/trading-on-pacifica/trading-fees",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
        "note": "Higher volume tiers and VIP schedules are not included in the base estimate."
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "antarctic",
      "name": "Antarctic",
      "symbol": "△",
      "color": "blue",
      "type": "Order book",
      "network": "Multi-chain access",
      "website": "https://www.antarctic.exchange/",
      "description": "A perpetuals venue with a published 14-day volume-based fee schedule. Check the executable book for your specific market and size.",
      "scope": "Antarctic protocol as tracked by DefiLlama.",
      "oiSlugs": [
        "antarctic"
      ],
      "pageSlugs": [
        "antarctic"
      ],
      "fees": {
        "maker": 2,
        "taker": 5,
        "tier": "VIP 0",
        "source": "https://docs.antarctic.exchange/antarctic-overview/fees",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
        "note": "Reference tier below $2.5M in trailing 14-day volume."
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "extended",
      "name": "Extended",
      "symbol": "E",
      "color": "lime",
      "type": "Order book",
      "network": "Starknet ecosystem",
      "website": "https://app.extended.exchange/",
      "description": "A trading venue with a flat published fee schedule and qualifying maker rebates. Actual fills still depend on spreads and available liquidity.",
      "scope": "Extended perpetuals; direct daily volume excludes spot markets.",
      "oiSlugs": [
        "extended-perps"
      ],
      "pageSlugs": [
        "extended",
        "extended-perps"
      ],
      "fees": {
        "maker": 0,
        "taker": 2.5,
        "tier": "Published flat rate",
        "source": "https://docs.extended.exchange/extended-resources/trading/trading-fees-and-rebates",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
        "note": "Qualifying maker rebates and builder fees are not included."
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "paradex",
      "name": "Paradex",
      "symbol": "✳",
      "color": "lavender",
      "type": "Order book",
      "network": "Paradex Chain",
      "website": "https://app.paradex.trade/",
      "description": "A venue that distinguishes Retail and Pro orders. Zero retail fees do not apply universally to API trading.",
      "scope": "Paradex perpetuals API observation; fee example applies to Retail orders.",
      "oiSlugs": [
        "paradex-perps"
      ],
      "pageSlugs": [
        "paradex",
        "paradex-perps"
      ],
      "fees": {
        "maker": 0,
        "taker": 0,
        "tier": "Retail orders",
        "source": "https://docs.paradex.trade/trading/trading-fees",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
        "note": "Pro orders have a separate schedule. Settlement fees, spreads and funding are separate.",
        "profiles": [
          {
            "label": "Pro 0 · no discounts",
            "maker": 0.3,
            "taker": 4.5
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "dydx",
      "name": "dYdX",
      "symbol": "dY",
      "color": "lavender",
      "type": "Order book",
      "network": "dYdX Chain",
      "website": "https://dydx.trade/",
      "description": "A chain-based perpetuals order book with volume-based fees. Maker rebates require higher tiers; the reference tier is shown before staking discounts or rewards.",
      "scope": "dYdX V4 only for API observations; no legacy V3 aggregation.",
      "oiSlugs": [
        "dydx-v4"
      ],
      "pageSlugs": [
        "dydx",
        "dydx-v4"
      ],
      "fees": {
        "maker": 1,
        "taker": 5,
        "tier": "Tier 1 · below $1M / 30d",
        "source": "https://docs.dydx.xyz/concepts/trading/rewards",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
        "note": "Published reference schedule is governance-adjustable. Rewards, staking discounts and higher-tier rebates are excluded."
      }
    }
  ],
  "snapshot": {
    "schemaVersion": 2,
    "generatedAt": "2026-10-28T12:01:57.630Z",
    "metrics": {
      "hyperliquid": {
        "oi": {
          "value": 7822159103,
          "source": "https://api.llama.fi/overview/open-interest?excludeTotalDataChart=true&excludeTotalDataChartBreakdown=true",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-10-28T12:01:57.630Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "observed",
          "scope": "Hyperliquid Perps · DefiLlama latest daily observation"
        },
        "volume24h": {
          "value": 3721988020.5613246,
          "source": "https://api.hyperliquid.xyz/info",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-10-28T12:01:57.630Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "observed",
          "scope": "Venue-reported market totals · 235 perpetual markets; rolling daily window. No normalization."
        },
        "normalized24h": {
          "value": 12645000000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        },
        "volume30d": {
          "value": 222986000000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        }
      },
      "aster": {
        "oi": {
          "value": 1455964872,
          "source": "https://api.llama.fi/overview/open-interest?excludeTotalDataChart=true&excludeTotalDataChartBreakdown=true",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-10-28T12:01:57.630Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "observed",
          "scope": "Aster Perps · DefiLlama latest daily observation"
        },
        "normalized24h": {
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          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        },
        "volume30d": {
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          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        },
        "volume24h": {
          "value": 2140000000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        }
      },
      "lighter": {
        "oi": {
          "value": 547207686,
          "source": "https://api.llama.fi/overview/open-interest?excludeTotalDataChart=true&excludeTotalDataChartBreakdown=true",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-10-28T12:01:57.630Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "observed",
          "scope": "Lighter Perps · DefiLlama latest daily observation"
        },
        "volume24h": {
          "value": 1521252842.9016182,
          "source": "https://mainnet.zklighter.elliot.ai/api/v1/orderBookDetails",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-10-28T12:01:57.630Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "observed",
          "scope": "Venue-reported market totals · 241 perpetual markets; rolling daily window. No normalization."
        },
        "normalized24h": {
          "value": 2184000000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        },
        "volume30d": {
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          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        }
      },
      "edgex": {
        "oi": {
          "value": 139710873,
          "source": "https://api.llama.fi/overview/open-interest?excludeTotalDataChart=true&excludeTotalDataChartBreakdown=true",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-10-28T12:01:57.630Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "observed",
          "scope": "edgeX V2 · DefiLlama latest daily observation"
        },
        "normalized24h": {
          "value": 2407000000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        },
        "volume30d": {
          "value": 40504000000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        },
        "volume24h": {
          "value": 2591000000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        }
      },
      "tradexyz": {
        "oi": {
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          "source": "https://api.llama.fi/overview/open-interest?excludeTotalDataChart=true&excludeTotalDataChartBreakdown=true",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-10-28T12:01:57.630Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "observed",
          "scope": "tradeXYZ · DefiLlama latest daily observation"
        }
      },
      "variational": {
        "oi": {
          "value": 1017774350,
          "source": "https://api.llama.fi/overview/open-interest?excludeTotalDataChart=true&excludeTotalDataChartBreakdown=true",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-10-28T12:01:57.630Z",
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          "quality": "observed",
          "scope": "Variational · DefiLlama latest daily observation"
        },
        "volume30d": {
          "value": 42554000000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        },
        "volume24h": {
          "value": 3508000000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        }
      },
      "apex": {
        "oi": {
          "value": 75034368,
          "source": "https://api.llama.fi/overview/open-interest?excludeTotalDataChart=true&excludeTotalDataChartBreakdown=true",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-10-28T12:01:57.630Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "observed",
          "scope": "Apex Omni · DefiLlama latest daily observation"
        },
        "normalized24h": {
          "value": 399570000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        },
        "volume30d": {
          "value": 35490000000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        },
        "volume24h": {
          "value": 432560000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        }
      },
      "grvt": {
        "oi": {
          "value": 433803150,
          "source": "https://api.llama.fi/overview/open-interest?excludeTotalDataChart=true&excludeTotalDataChartBreakdown=true",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-10-28T12:01:57.630Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "observed",
          "scope": "Grvt Perps · DefiLlama latest daily observation"
        },
        "normalized24h": {
          "value": 577810000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        },
        "volume30d": {
          "value": 14556000000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        },
        "volume24h": {
          "value": 604280000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        }
      },
      "standx": {
        "oi": {
          "value": 2097208,
          "source": "https://api.llama.fi/overview/open-interest?excludeTotalDataChart=true&excludeTotalDataChartBreakdown=true",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-10-28T12:01:57.630Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "observed",
          "scope": "StandX Perps · DefiLlama latest daily observation"
        }
      },
      "pacifica": {
        "oi": {
          "value": 61337535,
          "source": "https://api.llama.fi/overview/open-interest?excludeTotalDataChart=true&excludeTotalDataChartBreakdown=true",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-10-28T12:01:57.630Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "observed",
          "scope": "Pacifica Perps · DefiLlama latest daily observation"
        },
        "normalized24h": {
          "value": 495900000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
          "fetchedAt": "2026-09-22T00:00:00Z",
          "observedAt": null,
          "quality": "reference",
          "scope": "Rounded public-table reference, retrieved 22 Sep 2026. Parent row may include child products."
        },
        "volume30d": {
          "value": 11561000000,
          "source": "https://defillama.com/perps",
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